'Ex aequo' for Un certain Regard section prize

Kim K-duk, winning director

The last 21st of May, it was revealed the identity of the winner films for the section Un Certain Regard. As I said in the last post, Korean cinema came this time to the festival with three different candidates for the named section and finally it was one of them among the winners of Un Certain Regard first prize, Arirang (dir. Kim Ki-duk). Once again, this proves the quality of Korean films.

Shot of Arirang

 For this 64^th edition of the festival, the jury has delivered an ‘Ex aequo’ prize getting equal qualifications both films, the Korean ‘Arirang’ and the German production ‘Halt auf freier Strecke’ (dir. Andreas Dresen). Although it is a ‘share’ award, it is pleased as well so it is an acknowledgment for Korean cinema. 

This was not the only good piece of news from this year. Among the winners of the Cinéfondation section we can find as well the name of a Korean production, Ya-gan-bi-hang, the only one of this nationality, which has obtained a deserved bronze position. 

Shot from Ya-gan-bi-hang (dir.Son Tae-gyum)

 Now that the festival is over, for us, we can just wait for the next year to see what the festival and the Korean cinema will offer.

For more information about the 64th edition winners, look into the webpage of Cannes Film Festival.

KOREAN CINEMA: A MUST FOR CANNES FILM FESTIVAL

Once again one of the most influent film festival in Europe and, what is more, around the world started this week its 64^th edition. From the 11^th till the 22^nd of may the city of Cannes will greet artists and film professionals from around the world.

As it is common since several editions ago, we will be able to find some interesting features of Korean cinema that has become a must for this festival.

If we take a look among the films included in the section “Un certain regard”, we can find three South Korean films: Arirang (dir. Kim Ki-duk), The day he arrives (dir. Hong Sang-soo), and The yellow sea (or The Murderer) (dir. Na Hong-jin). Among the directors of these three films, probably two of them will recall us to past editions, as it is the case of Kim Ki-duk and Hong Sang-soo that repeat the experience while Na Hong-jin presents for the first time a work in this competition.

These three films will have to compete among the 21 movies of this section (including them). At the moment I have seen none of these films but I am willing to see the three of them. Probably, Arirang is the one that interest me the most. The reason that moves my interest it is maybe Kim Ki-duk acting role. It is not a common feature seeing Kim Ki-duk acting in his movies and taking the weight of the acting role. In fact, I think I haven’t seen him acting before (although he appeared slightly in Breath). Here it is the Trailer if you want to take a look.

Hong Sang-soo, director of The day he arrives, has also presented other of his film in Cannes. In 2005 Tale of Cinema was entered in the section “In Competition”. In 2004, another film of this director, Woman is the future of men, was also classified in this section. But it was not till the last edition, in 2010, when one of his films, Hahaha, won the Prix Un Certain Regard.

The most inexperienced one, Na Hong-jin, has been classified for the first time with his film The yellow sea. I have just watched the trailer but it seems to be a great thriller, without mention that the film was top at the box office when it was openned on December 22, 2010.

These are not the only Korean piece of work presented in the festival. If we move to the Cinéfondation category we will encounter a short film directed by Son Tae-gyum. This work tells the story of a boy that has sex with a man for money. The man suggest the boy to meet again and ask him for his phone number but later on the boy’s brother will confiscate the cell phone.

Will one of them get the great prize of the section? As I have seen none of the films selected in this section, I can not predict about the results so we will have to wait till the 22^nd for the jury’s decision.

Nobi: Looking into Joseon Society

 

Usually I write about film that I have seen but this time I would like to write about the slavery in Korea. Not much ago I watched a drama, Chuno (추노), that revolves around the life of a slave hunter during the Joseon Dinasty.  In terms of visual product it has some great scenes but what I found quite interesting was the depiction of the slave figure. Probably because I did not know too much about the slavery system in Korea, I start to search about it.

The slavery structure formed a part of Korean history. Around 30-40% of the population during the Joseon Dinasty was slaves or ‘nobi’ (노비), as it is called in Korea. If we think carefully about this percentage, we can realize the importance of this social class in the pre-modern Korean history.

The society in this period was divided in 4 different social statements. The higher social class or aristocracy was called ‘Yangban’. This class was formed by Confucian scholars that had to succeed becoming a government official in order to keep their status. In case the family member of three generation did not succeed in the government official examination, they would lose their yangban status and would become commoners. Yangban were followed by ‘chungin’ that was the petit bourgeoisie. They were just a privilege class of commoners that formed a group of bureaucrats and skilled professionals. These two social classes were in the top of the social hierarchy and they controlled and ruled over the others.

There was also the Sangmin class or commoners, common people in Joseon Korea that were clean workers with a very little social status. At the bottom of the social hierarchy there was the slavery class called nobi (노비) in Korean.

In the drama it is shown how slaves were skin marked with the Chinese characters for no (노; 奴) and bi (비; 婢) to show whether they were male or female respectively.

The nobi class were owned by the elite yangban and, as part of their properties, they could sell, buy, leave as inheritance or give them as a present. However, nobi class was also fed and clothed by their masters. Probably, they could be sometimes under better conditions than the commoners in terms of food, clothes and housing. The slavery status was hereditary but it was also given as a legal punishment. There are some other curious points that characterize the nobi class. For example they could own some properties and they would be taxed for their properties. It was also common that they had the suffix kae in their names which means tool. In terms of marriage, nobi could marry with commoner and, although it was not allow for them to marry with yangbans, sometimes this prohibition was ignored and some slaves women became 2^nd wives or concubines of the yangban elite.

Nobi in Korea fulfil a great part of Korean History that cover from 7^th to 19^th century. For a length of twelve years, Korea has experienced a large-scale slave system, longer than in other slave-holding countries. That is the main reason why Korea has a peculiar position among slave system societies without mention the fact that Korea was isolated at the end of Asia with almost no connection with other slave societies.

 The other slave-holding countries except Korea were located near areas that were connected by the slave trade markets. That was around the Mediterranean Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean connecting America, Africa, Europe and India in Asia. As we can realize from this is that Korea is the unique society that, outside of the mainstream of slavery trade, established a slavery society for a long period in history.

• "Korean nobi in American mirror": http://econ.snu.ac.kr/~ecores/activity/paper/no26.pdf
• "Nobi: Rescuing the Nation from slavery": http://muninn.net/blog/2005/04/nobi-rescuing-the-nation-from-slavery.html